Hanuman. also known as Maruti, Bajrangabali, and Anjaneya,is a deity in Hinduism, revered as a divine vanara, and a devoted companion of the deity Rama. Central to the Ramayana, Hanuman is celebrated for his unwavering devotion to Rama and is considered a chiranjivi. He is traditionally believed to be the spiritual offspring of the wind deity Vayu, who is said to have played a significant role in his birth. In Shaiva tradition, he is regarded to be an incarnation of Shiva. His tales are recounted not only in the Ramayana but also in the Mahabharata and various Puranas.

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Affiliation
Devotee of Rama, Deva, Chiranjivi, Vanara, avatar of Shiva, son of Vayu.
Abode
Kishkindha
Mantra
ॐ श्री हनुमते नमः (Oṁ Śrī Hanumate Namaḥ)
Weapon
Gada (mace)
Day
SaturdayTuesday
Texts
Ramayana and its other versions
Hanuman Chalisa
Festivals
Hanuman Jayanti
Diwali
Personal information
Parents
Vayu (spiritual father)
Kesari (father)
Añjanā (mother)
Siblings
Matiman, Shrutiman, Ketuman, Gatiman and Dhritiman (brothers)
Devotional practices centered around Hanuman were not prominent in these texts or in early archaeological evidence. His theological significance and the cultivation of a devoted following emerged roughly a millennium after the Ramayana was composed, during the second millennium CE, coinciding with the advent of Islamic rule in the Indian subcontinent. Hanuman's abilities are partly attributed to his lineage from Vayu, symbolizing a connection with both the physical and the cosmic elements. Figures from the Bhakti movement, such as Samarth Ramdas, have portrayed Hanuman as an emblem of nationalism and defiance against oppression. According to Vaishnava tradition, the sage Madhvacharya posited that Vayu aids Vishnu in his earthly incarnations, a role akin to Hanuman's assistance to Rama.In recent times, the veneration of Hanuman through iconography and temple worship has significantly increased.He epitomizes the fusion of "strength, heroic initiative, and assertive excellence" with "loving, emotional devotion" to his lord Rama, embodying both Shakti and Bhakti.Subsequent literature has occasionally depicted him as the patron deity of martial arts, meditation, and scholarly pursuits. He is revered as an exemplar of self-control, faith, and commitment to a cause, transcending his outward Vanara appearance.Traditionally, Hanuman is celebrated as a lifelong  embodying the virtues of chastity.

Various scholars have suggested that Hanuman may have influenced the conception of Sun Wukong, the central figure in the Chinese epic Journey to the West.
Vedic roots
The earliest mention of a divine monkey is in hymn 10.86 of the Rigveda, dated to between 1500 and 1200 BCE. The twenty-three verses of the hymn are a metaphorical and riddle-filled legend. It is presented as a dialogue between multiple figures: the god Indra, his wife Indrani and an energetic monkey it refers to as Vrisakapi and his wife Kapi. The hymn opens with Indrani complaining to Indra that some of the soma offerings for Indra have been allocated to the energetic and strong monkey, and the people are forgetting Indra. The king of the gods, Indra, responds by telling his wife that the living being (monkey) that bothers her is to be seen as a friend, and that they should make an effort to coexist peacefully. The hymn closes with all agreeing that they should come together in Indra's house and share the wealth of the offerings
The meaning or origin of the word "Hanuman" is unclear. In the Hindu pantheon, deities typically have many synonymous names, each based on some noble characteristic, attribute, or reminder of a deed achieved by that deity.[21] One interpretation of "Hanuman" is "one having a disfigured jaw". This version is supported by a Puranic legend wherein infant Hanuman mistakes the Sun for a fruit, heroically attempts to reach it, and is wounded in the jaw for his attempt by Indra the King of Gods.[21]

Hanuman combines two of the most cherished traits in the Hindu bhakti-shakti worship traditions: "heroic, strong, assertive excellence" and "loving, emotional devotion to personal God".[21]

Linguistic variations of "Hanuman" include Hanumat, Anuman (Tamil), Hanumantha (Kannada), Hanumanthudu (Telugu). Other names include:

Anjaneya,[22] Anjaniputra (Kannada), Anjaneyar (Tamil), Anjaneyudu (Telugu), Anjanisuta all meaning "the son of Anjana"
Kesari Nandana or Kesarisuta, based on his father, which means "son of Kesari"
Vayuputra/ Pavanputra : the son of the Vayu deva- Wind god[23]
Vajrang Bali/Bajrang Bali, "the strong one (bali), who had limbs (anga) as hard or as tough as vajra (diamond)"; this name is widely used in rural North India[21]
Sankata Mochana, "the remover of dangers, hardships, or hurdles" (sankata)[21]
Māruti, "son of Maruta" (another name of Vayu deva)[24]
Kapeeshwara, "lord of monkeys."
Rama Doota, "the messenger (doota) of Rama"
Mahakaya, "gigantic"
Vira, Mahavira, "most valiant"
Mahabala/Mahabali, "the strongest one"
Vanarkulathin Thondaiman, "descendant of the Vanar clan" (Tamil)
Panchavaktra, "five-faced"
Mukhya Prana Devaru, "Primordial Life Giver" (more prominent amongst followers of Dvaita, such as Madhwas